Table of Content
Weight: 3
Description: Candidates should be able to perform package management using RPM and YUM tools.
Key Knowledge Areas:
- Install, re-install, upgrade and remove packages using RPM and YUM
- Obtain information on RPM packages such as version, status, dependencies, integrity and signatures
- Determine what files a package provides, as well as find which package a specific file comes from
Terms and Utilities:
rpm rpm2cpio /etc/yum.conf /etc/yum.repos.d/ yum yumdownloader
rpm
rpm -i pkg rpm -e --test pkg # dry-run to remove , similar like apt-get remove -s pkg rpm -Uvh pkg.rpm rpm -Uvh *.rpm url rpm -ql lsof rpm -qi lsof rpm -qR lsof # query rpm -qa |sort |more all sorted pkg rpm -qal|wc -l # list of files rpm -aqd |wc -l # doc files rpm -qa |grep -i grep rpm -qf $(which lsof) # # query pkg name owning file rpm -qif pkg # query info of pkg owning file rpm -qlf file # query file list of pkg owning file rpm -qip pkg.rpm # query info of pkg file rpm -qlp pkg.rpm # query file list of pkg file rpm -qp pkg.rpm # query pkg name rpm -q --whatprovides lsof lsof-4.87-4.el7.x86_64 rpm -i pkg.rpm --nodeps rpm -i pkg.rpm --force rpmbuild --rebuild pkg.src.rpm # rebuild from source pkg rpm -q pkg rpm --checksig pkg.rpm # check sign rpm -Fvh pkg.rpm # upgrade if already installed
rpm config
/usr/lib/rpm/rpmrc # don't edit /etc/rpmrc # global setting ~/.rpmrc # user base setting [root@dclab-centos7 rpm]# uname -p x86_64 [root@dclab-centos7 rpm]# less /usr/lib/rpm/rpmrc|grep x86_64 optflags: x86_64 -O2 -g archcolor: x86_64 2 arch_canon: x86_64: x86_64 1 buildarchtranslate: x86_64: x86_64 buildarchtranslate: amd64: x86_64 buildarchtranslate: ia32e: x86_64 arch_compat: x86_64: amd64 em64t athlon noarch arch_compat: amd64: x86_64 em64t athlon noarch arch_compat: ia32e: x86_64 em64t athlon noarch buildarch_compat: x86_64: noarch buildarch_compat: amd64: x86_64 buildarch_compat: ia32e: x86_64
yum
/etc/yum.conf
/var/log/yum.log
/etc/yum.repos.d # yum repo, similar as /etc/apt/sources.list
yum update "gr*"
yum list pkg
yum info pkg
yum search pkg
check pkg dependency
yum deplist $(rpm -q lsof)
yum deplist $(rpm -q lsof)|awk '/provider:/ {print $2}' |sort |uniq
yum whatprovides lsof
yumdownloader
yumdownloader --resolve lsof # download rpm pkg and dependency lsof-4.87-4.el7.x86_64.rpm rpm -vK lsof-4.87-4.el7.x86_64.rpm # check integrity of pkg
unpack rpm package
mkdir lsof cd lsof rpm2cpio ../lsof-4.87-4.el7.x86_64.rpm |cpio -idv
Quiz questions
1. Which command will list the files that will be installed from the package bogus10.1.rpm? 2. Which commands will enable you to identify the author of lilo given the file /sbin/lilo was installed as part of an rpm package? 3. Which flag for rpm -q specifies that you wish to query an installed package by specifying a file installed by that package? 4. What is the configuration file for rpm? 5. What does the rpm database of installed packages contain? 6. How can grep be used together with rpm? 7. How does one check that an rpm file has not been tampered with since it was packaged?
Answers to quiz questions
1. rpm - qlp bogus10.1.rpm 2. rpm -qif /sbin/lilo 3. -f 4. /etc/rpmrc 5. Information about each package, and about each installed file. 6. rpm -qa| grep package rpm -ql package | grep bin 7. rpm --checksig package.rpm